The dominance of the Votomatic ended abruptly following the Florida election recount of 2000. By 1992, the Votomatic had replaced mechanical voting machines as the dominant voting system used in the United States. By 1980, the Votomatic system was used by over 29% of U.S. IBM marketed the Votomatic until 1968, when it spun off Computer Election Systems Inc. This was one of the first machines to attract serious thinking about accessibility John Ahmann filed for a patent on a punching stylus for the Votomatic adapted for use by voters with motor disabilities in 1986. The machines cost only $185 each in 1965 dollars, and weighed only 6 pounds. īallot cards punched on a Votomatic could be tabulated by standard punched card tabulating machines or sorted on card sorters. Joseph Harris filed his first patent on what would become the Votomatic in 1962. This was based on the Port-A-Punch, a handheld device for recording data on pre-scored punched cards. The first commercially successful ballot marking device was the Votomatic. None of these machines was commercially successful. This was incorporated into a full-sized voting booth with voter interface that resembled a mechanical voting machine, but recording on ballot cards that could be tabulated on standard punched-card tabulating machines. In 1937, Frank Carrell, working for IBM applied for a patent on a ballot marking device that recorded on standard punched cards. The punched cards used by these early machines were not designed to be compatible with any other data processing equipment. The patents for these machines suggest that their primary goal was to provide for mechanical vote tabulation while retaining paper ballots that could be used to verify the operation of the tabulator in the event of any question. Urban Iles filed a proposal for a more sophisticated system in 1892. Kennedy Dougan filed for patents on a punched-card system using a ballot marking device in 1890. The first ballot marking devices specifically designed for use in elections emerged in the late 19th century along with proposals to use various punched-card ballot forms. Ballot marking device defines a broad category, while electronic ballot marker excludes older mechanical devices, and assistive voting device only applies when the device serves as an assistive device. These terms are not, strictly speaking, synonyms. The Canadian government appears to prefer the term assistive voting device. The Minnesota and IEEE P 1622 glossaries, on the other hand, refer to EBM and electronic ballot marker (or electronically-assisted ballot marker). For example, Hart InterCivic and the state of Colorado only list BMD and ballot marking device in their glossaries. There is no consensus about the terminology used to refer toīallot marking devices or electronic ballot markers, and whereĪ jurisdiction uses one term, there is frequently no reference In the context of paper ballots, pens and pencils are used to record votes on ballots, but they are general-purpose items. Today, electronic ballot markers (EBMs) have come into widespread use as assistive devices in the context of optical scan voting systems. The first ballot marking device emerged in the late 19th century, but were only widely used starting in the 1960s. In general, ballot marking devices neither store nor tabulate ballots, but only allow the voter to record votes on ballots that are then stored and tabulated elsewhere. A ballot marking device (BMD) or vote recorder is a type of voting machine used by voters to record votes on physical ballots.
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